deCODE MI™

Analyzes five SNPs in the CYP2C19 gene that affect response to the anti-platelet drug clopidogrel. This test identifies those who may need adjustment of their clopidogrel dose or who should be put on an alternative medicaiton to prevent recurrent adverse cardiovascular events.

Login to order test

Screening and prevention

How deCODE MI™ can help.

More Comprehensive Risk Assessment

Understanding a patient’s risk of cardiovascular disease is the prerequisite for effective prevention, including decisions and follow-through on life style modification and medication. deCODE MI™ detects genetic risk factors for heart attack that are independent of traditional risk factors, helping to provide a more complete picture of individual susceptibility as well as important information on risk of early-onset disease.

Integration with established risk modelling tools

The results of deCODE MI™ are presented as a numerical score of individual risk of heart attack compared to the population average. Because this risk is complementary to that conferred by traditional risk factors, deCODE MI™ results can be used directly to modify scores from the Framingham, Reynolds, or ARIC tools. This can impact the recommended prevention strategies and medication for a substantial proportion of patients.

Empowering physicians and patients

Preventive measures for MI are to a great extent dependent on successful changes in lifestyle. deCODE MI™ results can give physicians’ advice extra emphasis and impact, and provide their patients with additional incentive to follow through on that advice.

References

1. Brautbar A, Ballantyne CM et al. Impact of adding a single allele in the 9p21 locus to traditional risk factors on reclassification of coronary heart disease risk and implications for lipid-modifying therapy in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. Circ Cardiovasc Genet. 2009 Jun;2(3):279-85. Epub 2009 Apr 21.

2. Talmud et al. Chromosome 9p21.3 coronary heart disease locus genotype and prospective risk of CHD in healthy middle-aged men. Clin Chem. 2008;54:453-5

3. Paynter NP et al.Cardiovascular Disease Risk Prediction with and without Knowledge of Genetic Variation at Chromosome 9p21.3: The Women’s Genome Health Study. Ann Intern Med. 2009 January 20; 150(2): 65–72.

4. Gulcher J, Stefansson K. Ann Intern Med. 2009 May 19;150(10):736; author reply 737. Questions about genetic variation in 9p21 as a predictor of cardiovascular risk.

5. Helgadottir, Anna et al. A common variant on chromosome 9p21 affects the risk of myocardial infarction. Science. 2007 Jun 8;316(5830):1491-3. Epub 2007 May 3. PMID: 17478679.

6. Shen, Gong-Qing et al. Four SNPs on chromosome 9p21 in a South Korean population implicate a genetic locus that confers high cross-race risk for development of coronary artery disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008 Feb;28(2):360-5. Epub 2007 Nov 29. PMID: 18048766.

7. Shen, Gong-Qing et al. Association between four SNPs on chromosome 9p21 and myocardial infarction is replicated in an Italian population. J Hum Genet. 2008;53(2):144-50. Epub 2007 Dec 8. PMID: 18066490.

8. Abdullah, K G et al. Four SNPS on chromosome 9p21 confer risk to premature, familial CAD and MI in an American Caucasian population (GeneQuest). Ann Hum Genet. 2008 Sep;72(Pt 5):654-7. Epub 2008 May 26. PMID: 18505420.

9. Lemmens, Robin et al. Variant on 9p21 strongly associates with coronary heart disease, but lacks association with common stroke. Eur J Hum Genet. 2009 Oct;17(10):1287-93. Epub 2009 Mar 25. PMID: 19319159.

10. Ding, Hu et al. 9p21 is a shared susceptibility locus strongly for coronary artery disease and weakly for ischemic stroke in Chinese Han population. Circ Cardiovasc Genet. 2009 Aug;2(4):338-46. Epub 2009 May 28. PMID: 20031605.

11. Chen, Zhong et al. A common variant on chromosome 9p21 affects the risk of early-onset coronary artery disease. Mol Biol Rep. 2009 May;36(5):889-93. Epub 2008 May 6. PMID: 18459066

12. Maitra, Arindam et al. A common variant in chromosome 9p21 associated with coronary artery disease in Asian Indians. J Genet. 2009 Apr;88(1):113-8. PMID: 19417554

13. Gudbjartsson, Daniel F et al. Sequence variants affecting eosinophil numbers associate with asthma and myocardial infarction. Nat Genet. 2009 Mar;41(3):342-7. Epub 2009 Feb 8. PMID: 19198610

14. Erdmann, Jeanette et al. New susceptibility locus for coronary artery disease on chromosome 3q22.3. Nat Genet. 2009 Mar;41(3):280-2. Epub 2009 Feb 8. PMID: 19198612.

15. Kathiresan, Sekar et al. Genome-wide association of early-onset myocardial infarction with single nucleotide polymorphisms and copy number variants. Nat Genet. 2009 Mar;41(3):334-41. Epub 2009 Feb 8. PMID: 19198609.

16. Samani, Nilesh J et al. Genomewide association analysis of coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med. 2007 Aug 2;357(5):443-53. Epub 2007 Jul 18. PMID: 17634449.

17. Erdmann, Jeanette et al. New susceptibility locus for coronary artery disease on chromosome 3q22.3. Nat Genet. 2009 Mar;41(3):280-2. Epub 2009 Feb 8. PMID: 19198612.

18. Hiura, Yumiko et al. Validation of the association of genetic variants on chromosome 9p21 and 1q41 with myocardial infarction in a Japanese population. Circ J. 2008 Aug;72(8):1213-7. PMID: 18654002.

19. Yang XC et al. Association study between three polymorphisms and myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke in Chinese Han population. Thromb Res. 2010 Feb 15. PMID: 20163833.

20. Zhou, Li et al. Associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms on chromosome 9p21 and risk of coronary heart disease in Chinese Han population. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008 Nov;28(11):2085-9. Epub 2008 Aug 28. PMID: 18757290.

21. Ozaki, Kouichi et al. SNPs in BRAP associated with risk of myocardial infarction in Asian populations. Nat Genet. 2009 Mar;41(3):329-33. Epub 2009 Feb 8. PMID: 19198608.

22. Hinohara, Kunihiko et al. Validation of eight genetic risk factors in East Asian populations replicated the association of BRAP with coronary artery disease. J Hum Genet. 2009 Nov;54(11):642-6. Epub 2009 Aug 28. PMID: 19713974.