deCODE Complete
Analyzes risk factors for more than fifty common diseases and several traits, including all of those for which deCODEhealth offers individual disease tests. deCODE Complete focuses on medical conditions that can either be better prevented through altered lifestyle or that have better treatment outcomes if detected early. It is the most comprehensive genetic scan available for evaluating risk of common diseases. It is not generally reimbursable.
Diseases and conditions covered by the deCODE Complete Scan:
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm, ABO Blood Types, Age Related Macular Degeneration, Alcohol Flush Reaction, Alzheimer’s Disease, Asthma, Atrial Fibrillation, Basal Cell Carcinoma, Bitter Taste Perception, Bladder Cancer, Brain Aneurysm, Brain Cancer-Glioma, Breast Cancer, Celiac Disease, Chronic Kidney Disease, Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Clopidogrel Response, Colorectal Cancer, Crohn’s Disease, Essential Tremor, Exfoliation Glaucoma, Eye Color, Gallstones, Gout, Heart Attack, Hemochromatosis, Hypertension, Kidney Stones, Lactose Intolerance, Lung Cancer, Male Pattern Baldness, Multiple Sclerosis, Nicotine Dependence, Obesity, Ovarian Cancer, Pancreatic Cancer, Peripheral Arterial Disease, Prostate Cancer, Psoriasis, Restless Legs Syndrome, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Statin Induced Myopathy, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Testicular Cancer, Thyroid Cancer, Type 1 Diabetes, Type 2 Diabetes, Ulcerative Colitis, Venous Thromboembolism, Warfarin Metabolism.
Kidney Stones
One of the more common causes of kidney stones is hypercalciuria, an elevated concentration of calcium in the urine.
You may have an increased risk of developing kidney stones if close family members have been diagnosed with this problem.
Some people are more susceptible to forming kidney stones, and genetics play a significant role
Kidneys filter our blood and produce urine to rid the body of waste products
The kidneys filter our blood; they remove waste products from the body and help regulate various chemicals important for body function. The waste products are deposited into urine, which drains from the kidneys into the bladder through narrow tubes called ureters. When the bladder fills and there is an urge to urinate, the bladder empties through the urethra, a much wider tube than the ureter.
In some people chemicals in the urine crystallize and form stones
Kidney stones are solid accretions of minerals that are normally dissolved in urine. They can form either inside the kidneys or within the bladder. In general, kidney stones develop as a result of an abnormally high concentration of substances such as calcium and uric acid, which accrete as crystals when there is not enough fluid to dilute them. The size of kidney stones can vary from that of a grain of sand to the size of a golf ball.
Kidney stones are one of the most common disorders of the urinary tract
Kidney stones are a common disorder in the Western world. The lifetime risk of developing a kidney stone exceeds 12% for men and 5% for women in the United States. If untreated, about half of those who have had a kidney stone once will have another within 5-10 years.
An elevated concentration of calcium in the urine is partly genetically determined
There are different types of kidney stones. The exact cause depends on the type of stone. One of the more common causes of kidney stones is hypercalciuria, an elevated concentration of calcium in the urine. Hypercalciuria is likely to be caused by many different factors. However, family studies demonstrate that there is a significant inherited component to kidney stone development. Thus, up to 70% of people with hypercalciuria have relatives with kidney stones.
deCODEhealth calculates your patients’ genetic risk for developing kidney stones
Scientists at deCODE Genetics found a common genetic variant in the CLDN14 gene on chromosome 21 that is associated with increased concentration of urinary calcium and risk of developing kidney stones.
The deCODE Complete Scan identifies validated genetic variants associated with increased risk of kidney stones and uses them to provide a personalized interpretation of the associated genetic risk for the disease. The number of variants included in the deCODE Complete Scan for each ethnic group are listed in the table below.
| Number of Variants Measured | |
|---|---|
| European ancestry | 2 |
At present, the necessary scientific information to interpret the genetic risk for individuals of other ethnicities is not available. This information will be added as soon as it becomes available and we are assured of its quality.
This content was last reviewed on February 20, 2012.